Tracing My Career Path as An IT Contractor - Free Essay Example

Once I complete my college education, I plan to seek a career opportunity as an IT contractor. This decision stems from my observation and detailed research of the fast pace with which the IT world is creating lucrative job opportunities for contingent workers. For example, a recent report by TEKsystems indicates that 26 percent of managers in the IT sector was projected to increase the headcount of contingent professionals during the last six months of 2017 (Bednarz). As an IT contractor, I intend to contribute niche skills to various teams, secure my financial security through savings and investments, and be part of a network of professionals with valuable insights for the future. In the words of Jason Hayman, a TEKsystems’ manager in market research, â€Å"the current environment for IT workers is one of opportunity, as unemployment remains low and demand continues to rise† (Bednarz). At a time when unemployment is on the rise in many industries, Hayman’s analysis is of great motivation for me as I look forward to filling a gap in the provision of IT skills to the industry players who often prefer contractors. In order to maximize my opportunities for growth in the IT profession, I will avoid complex projects in the early stages of my career and progress gradually as I gain more experience. Although I expect to enhance my IT skills and knowledge through rigorous training and working with those with established careers in the field, I will choose contract rates and projects that will allow me to grow at my own pace. Moreover, contractors enjoy great flexibility in terms of their choice of work, the companies they work for, and what they consider as reasonable compensation (Keeble). Therefore, I will maximize this flexibility to ensure that I deliver the highest standards of service as I become more marketable among the clients. According to Ken Rubin, an IT consultant at High Road Data in Orange County, â€Å"I like the freedom and flexibility to set my own schedule† (Bednarz). Indeed, this is one of the most attractive aspects of working as a contractor. However, there is no job security, paid vacations, and retirement benefits that one should expect to enjoy as full-time employees do. In this regard, I will secure my financial stability by having a culture of saving and investing my income in different long-term ventures such as real estate and government bonds. As an IT contractor, I expect to make earnings of between $60 and $80 per hour. Despite such an attractive package, the workflow is not guaranteed because companies seek the services of contractors depending on workloads, the urgency of a project, and the need to get key expertise or skills. Therefore, I will develop personal discipline when it comes to the management of my income because I will be responsible for my healthcare needs, payment of taxes, vacations, and financial security after retirement. These are huge responsibilities that I intend to prioritize so that I can get maximum benefits from my profession. Working as an IT contractor will also require a strong initiative for personal and professional growth because there is no employer to organize training programs, seminars, or workshops on my behalf. Furthermore, I will be my own boss. Therefore, I will take advantage of the flexible working hours to not only market myself to potential clients, but also enroll for further studies or improvement courses whenever necessary. By so doing, I will tap into the current IT knowledge and opportunities since my choice for further training will be informed by a strict analysis of the skills that I need to progress in my career. In other words, I will expand my knowledge based on the relevance and the potential to improve service delivery to clients. In order to be fully committed to professional excellence and to maintain the momentum of continuous improvement, I will be part of a network of professionals with similar interests. Moreover, the IT profession is highly dynamic and one must be a team player in order to overcome the challenges of this profession, especially when working as a contractor. Without being part of a team of professions, career progression can be much slower because contracting depends a lot on knowing people and establishing good relationships with them. One of the most important benefits that I shall derive from being part of a network of professionals is the opportunity to market myself. It is important to appreciate that I may not be trained in marketing by the time I begin my career as an IT contractor. Even when I eventually get this training, I will still need the business network because that is where professionals meet, discuss, and learn how to grow as a team through referrals. Therefore, I will prioritize my membership to the appropriate group of IT professionals so as to increase my prospects for contracts. At the same time, I will seek to develop my own marketing skills by enrolling for the relevant training in IT contractor marketing.

The Ultimate Guide to Completing Your FAFSA Application

If you’re in the process of applying to college, you may have heard your guidance counselors, peers, or parents talking about the FAFSA application. But what is FAFSA? The very short answer is that FAFSA is the central way that you acquire financial aid to cover the cost of college expenses. Did you know that the Department of Education gives out roughly , 2019. Every state has a different deadline for state-based financial aid, and this is a super handy resource detailing all of the 2018-2019 FAFSA deadlines by individual state. Or you can use this convenient FAFSA deadline calculator to determine your deadlines for each academic year in your state of legal residence. Keep in mind that every college has its own set of deadlines, so check with every college you are applying to about their FAFSA deadline so you don’t miss the submission window! What Information do I Need to Complete a FAFSA Application? Here is a short and sweet list of the necessary information for filling out a FAFSA if you are filing as an independent. This includes: Your Social Security Number Your Alien Registration Number (if you are not a U.S. citizen) Your federal income tax returns, W-2s, and other records of money earned (note: tax information for FAFSA is now taken from the year-before-last’s tax return, not last year’s) Bank statements, investment records, and records of untaxed income (if necessary) An FSA ID to sign electronically More than likely, though, especially if you’re still in high school right now, your parents can claim you as an dependent. This means they will have to fill out a FAFSA application for you, providing in-depth information on their financial earnings (in other words, sharing their Social Security Number and the other information listed above). Resources for Parents Your parents can use the IRS retrieval tool to conveniently upload their tax return information into your FAFSA form. Note that this tool was taken down temporarily in March 2017 to prevent fraudulent activity. While it operates a little differently than it did in the past, it’s still a viable tool, and now safer to use than previously! This is also a great resource on the updated protocol for submitting tax information to FAFSA if you’d like more information on this front. Here is a list of questions to ask yourself to determine if you’re a dependent and will therefore need your parents information to complete the form. It’s also important to note that a parent, in the case of FAFSA, is: A biological or adoptive parent A legal guardian that the state has determined to be a parent on your birth certificate Note that foster parents, legal guardians, grandparents, older siblings, widowed step-parents, or aunts/uncles are not considered parents for the purpose of FAFSA unless they have legally adopted you. Now, as we all know, not all families look exactly the same, and parental relationships vary from household to household. This is a great infographic of who should fill out a FAFSA form for you, but here’s whose information to provide on a FAFSA, based on marital status:* Parent’s Marital StatusProvide Information For: Never MarriedThe parent that you lived with most during the last 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, provide information about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you actually received support from a parent. Both legal parents unmarried but currently living togetherBoth of your legal parents Married Both of your parents Remarried (after being widowed or divorced) Parent and Stepparent Divorced or Separated The parent that you lived with most during the last 12 months. If you did not live with one parent more than the other, provide information about the parent who provided more financial support during the last 12 months, or during the most recent year that you actually received support from a parent. WidowedYour parent (*The following information is reproduced from FAFSA’s Who’s Considered A Parent? Page and can be found there as well.) One last noteworthy point is that even if you are a dependent, you must claim any financial gains you incurred the previous year, such as gifts, contest money, etc. What Happens After I File a FAFSA Application? Two major things happen after you file a FAFSA: #1 You will receive a Student Aid Report (SAR). If you’ve provided an email address, you will receive your SAR within 3-5 days. Otherwise, you will receive it in the mail within 7-10 days. Your SAR will include all of the information that you or a parent has entered as well as your EFC (â€Å"expected family contribution† if you recall from above). If any information is missing, your EFC will not be calculated and you will be able to add or change information as necessary. #2 You will receive financial aid award letters As you begin receiving acceptance letters from colleges you’ve applied to (woo hoo!), you will also begin receiving financial aid award letters; in fact, sometimes they even come with your acceptance letters. Your financial aid award letters will use the information from your FAFSA application to come up with an amount of money that they are willing and able to provide you. Each school will have its own unique â€Å"financial aid package† that breaks down the aid you receive. Aid may come in several forms including but not limited to: Grants Sums of money that are typically strictly need-based, and do not have to be repaid. Scholarships Also sums of money that do not need to be repaid, but are often merit-based or both need and merit based. Government loans Low interest loans with various payment plan options. This is a great overview of every type of financial aid offered through FAFSA. One thing to keep in mind, however, is that if you apply to a college early-action or early decision, your financial package may not arrive until all students have applied by the regular deadline. Other FAFSA FAQs Who Can Apply for FAFSA? Here is a quick fact sheet on eligibility for receiving financial aid via FAFSA, but please note that you must be a United States citizen with a valid Social Security Number, or be an eligible non-citizen of the United States. Typically, the following individuals are considered eligible non-citizens: US permanent residents (holding a Permanent Resident Card, formally referred to as a â€Å"Green Card†) Conditional permanent residents (I-551C) If you are currently an undocumented immigrant, there are still many types of financial aid you can apply for, and the College Board’s Repository of Resources for Undocumented Students is a great starting point. Why Do So Many Students Miss Out on FAFSA? The truth is that many students don’t immediately believe that they will qualify for financial aid, but nearly all students do, in varying quantities. Some students are also simply not made aware of the FAFSA application and then miss the deadline to apply for aid. Sometimes students who are English Language Learners (ELL) or whose parents are ELL have a hard time understanding all of the information being asked on the FAFSA form. If this is the case, talk to your high school guidance counselor as soon as possible to discuss translation options and assistance. According to several recent studies, students leave literal billions of dollars on the table by not applying for FAFSA, which is incredibly unfortunate! The moral is, everyone should submit a FAFSA application, bottom line. You may be entitled to significantly more money than you assume, and no matter what, every bit helps! Is FAFSA Mandatory? Nope, FAFSA is not mandatory, but it’s the gatekeeper for all types of financial aid, so if you’re looking for financial assistance of any variety, you’ll need to fill one out! Is FAFSA Free? Indeed it is! Hence the name, â€Å"Free Application for Federal Student Aid.† That said, you will no doubt have other application fees as you apply to college, so be mindful of these as they come up. Does FAFSA Help You Get Free Money or a Loan? One of the main goals of FAFSA is to get you money that you do not need to pay back—in other words, grants and loans. However, each one of the colleges you apply to will assemble their own financial aid package, some of which will include loans, which must be repaid per the specific terms of each individual type of loan. Is FAFSA The Only Way to Receive Financial Aid? FAFSA is the quickest way to access most types of financial aid out there, but it isn’t the only way or resource. At the bottom of the types of financial aid page, FAFSA lists some of the other ways students can get financial assistance, including tax credits, military aid, state and local scholarships, etc. Remember that there are many options out there for paying for college, and you can use the College Scholarship Service (CSS) to help you apply for all kinds of scholarships from over 400 participating colleges. Good Luck and Happy Applying! We know that applying to colleges is stressful in its own right, and the FAFSA application can seem really intimidating. But if you have all the information (starting with the answer to, What is FAFSA?) and start the process early, you’ll be set! And again, you may be surprised how helpful doing so is to you in the applying to and selecting a college! Remember that if you need help or more information, see your high school guidance counselor at your earliest convenience. You can also utilize the Coalition for College Access and its range of free tools and resources for college planning if you feel you need more assistance. Are there any other questions or concerns you have about FAFSA? If so, comment below and let us know!

Serial Killers, By Flannery O Connor - 1209 Words

In this world, there are people who are able to shoot, bludgeon, or torture a whole family and then sleep peacefully just hours after. Serial Killers have piqued the American public’s interest for generations. In the 1970s, for example, America was enthralled by the danger and fear of Ted Bundy and John Wayne Gacy, famous serial killers who killed a combined number of over a hundred people. Following suit of the popularity of serial killers, they have become ingrained in our culture through art, books, news, talk-shows, and movies. A famous example of this trend is in Flannery O’Connor’s †A Good Man Is Hard to Find†, where the antagonist, The Misfit, brutally murders a family of six. O’Connor described The Misfit as a calm, polite, analytical, morally-confused, murderer with leadership skills and â€Å"strong white teeth.† This archetype, a person who can be perfectly calm while being aggressive and lacks a sense of right or wrong, has a lso been an interest of study in the medical field. The medical community has come together for patients that are described as lacking a moral conscious, naming their disorder psychopathy (Robinson). In Flannery O’Connor’s †A Good Man Is Hard to Find† The Misfit exhibits signs of psychopathy, shown from his manipulating control over Bobby Lee and Hiram, and staying calm while he directly and indirectly kills six people. Psychopaths, although they differ on an individual basis, are described as fearless, seeing people as beneficial objects,Show MoreRelatedA Proposal1240 Words   |  5 Pages In 1953, the short story â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† was published in the anthology Modern Writing I by Avon Publications. Around the year 1955, a collection of short stories by Flannery O’Connor became published. The themes of these stories range from baptism to serial killers and then to human greed and exploration. For the majority of these novels, the main character undergoes a spiritual change due to violent scenes. In 1960, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† wasRead More Inhumanity in Flannery O’Connor’s A Good Man is Hard to Find and Shirley Jacksons The Lottery1133 Words   |  5 Pages In Flannery O’Connor’s, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find,† and Shirley Jacksons, â€Å"The Lottery,† both short stories deal with man’s inhumanity in different situations, and ending with a similar consequence. Jackson and OConnor both use two characters to depict man having the power to manipulate truth and objection into something people accept. In O’Connor’s’ A Good Man is Hard to Find, the Misfit is a character in need of desired assistance, troubled and confused he wanders savagely murdering strangersRead MoreA Good Man Is Hard And Good Country People By Flannery O Connor Essay2090 Words   |  9 Pagesto create an identity for themselves. Judging others by their appearance or by the things they own should not be a reason to dislike them. While it may be a common thing to do since we are all humans, it does come with some consequences. In Flannery O Connor s short stories â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"Good Country People†, readers realize that the main characters tend to be judgmental about the people around them. Many of O’Connor’s stories have many religious themes in them, and both storiesRead MoreSummary Of Good Country People 830 Words   |  4 PagesAlexandra Dorman Mrs. Ermis English 1302.02N 1 November 2014 Summary of â€Å"Good Country People† In each of Flannery O’Connor’s works she inhabits a Christian aspect or theme. In O’Connor’s short story Good Country People, a 32-year-old atheist woman named Joy is faced with the representation of evil in our society. The protagonist Joy believes that her name doesn’t fit who she is. Because of this opinion she decides to legally change her name to Hulga. When Hulga was 10 years old she was in a huntingRead MoreA Good Man By Flannery O Connor2114 Words   |  9 Pages A Good Man is Hard to Find Analysis In the short story, A Good Man Is Hard to Find, Flannery O Connor uses characterization, flashbacks, the five-part plot structure, and point of view to set up the plot efficiently. The story is told through the Grandmother’s point of view most of the time in order to understand her, and her thoughts in her final moments with the misfit. In seeing how the grandmother views the world around her the reader is able to understand the type of person she is. O’ConnorRead MoreEvil In Young Goodman Brown And A Good Man Is Hard To Find.1155 Words   |  5 PagesEvil in Young Goodman Brown and A Good Man is Hard to Find The short stories, A Good Man Is Hard to Find by Flannery O Connor and Young Goodman Brown by Nathaniel Hawthorne, introduce into each of their stories characters impacted by malefic. A path deviation undertaken by the family in A Good Man is hard to find leads to a perilous end. On the other hand, the road that takes Brown in â€Å"Young Goodman Brown leads him into an endless misfortune. With different traits and attitudes of the otherRead MoreA Good Man Is Hard For Find And Everything That Rises Must Converge By Flannery O Connor3294 Words   |  14 PagesFlannery O’Connor, undoubtedly one of the most well-read authors of the early 20th Century, had many strong themes deeply embedded within all her writings. Two of her most prominent and poignant themes were Christianity and racism. By analyzing, â€Å"A Good Man is Hard to Find† and â€Å"Everything that Rises Must Converge,† these two themes jump out at the reader. Growing up in the mid-1920’s in G eorgia was a huge influence on O’Connor. Less than a decade before her birth, Georgia was much different than

The National Lunch Program - 1342 Words

A slice of pizza, a cheeseburger, chicken strips, chocolate milk, French fries, or spaghetti: these all may sound like delicious options, but are they healthy to be serving students for school lunch? All of these foods are common items one might find in a school lunch line, whether it is elementary, middle, or high school. Normally these foods may not be seen as nutritional, and because of this, school lunches are often not viewed as healthy. The people who have this opinion about school lunches may not know the facts and the guidelines that food and nutrition departments need to follow when cooking for students. Thus, it is important that the lunches served to students are nutritious and healthy for them so that they can perform†¦show more content†¦With fruits being their own component of school meals, students are able to get the fruity nutrients that vegetables may not offer. In the past, the requirement for fruits and vegetables combined was only one-half to three- fourths of a cup (â€Å"Comparison of Previous and Current†); this shows that fruits and vegetables have been becoming more common in school lunches. To make them more appealing, some schools are trying to make locally grown fruits and vegetables available to students during lunch by implementing Farm to School programs (Parish 416). As of 2011, there was a total of 2200 Farm to School programs being run in forty-five states (Parish 417). It is no secret that kids are not the biggest fans of fruits and vegetables, but by making fresh fruits and vegetables more accessible, they are likely to be more appealing to students. Fruits and vegetables are just two components of the typical school meal, but they provide many nutritional elements. Grains and meats are also key to nutritional meals for students. Currently, the NSLP requires that students receive eight to twelve ounces of grains per week depending on the students’ age (â€Å"Comparison of Previous and Current †). This is slightly different from the past when the requirement for all ages was eight servings per week with a minimum of one daily serving (â€Å"Comparison of Previous and Current†). The NSLP is making the servings of grainsShow MoreRelatedThe National School Lunch Program Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction The National School Lunch Program began after the great depression. The government began to send farm commodities to schools in hopes of helping malnourished children. The National School Lunch Program provides nutrition to children across the United States. There are strict guidelines that school districts must follow to be eligible to participate in the National School Lunch Program funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. What is wrong with school lunches? The monies receivedRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program1258 Words   |  6 PagesHowever, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) Food and Nutrition Guidelines provide more problems for schools and they need to be eradicated, as well as repealing the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act. The NSLP is â€Å"a federally assisted meal program operating in public and nonprofit private schools and residential child care institutions. It provides nutritionally balanced, low-cost or free lunches to children each school day. The program was established under the National School Lunch Act, signedRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program987 Words   |  4 Pagesreminds us that everybody has a role to play when it comes to reducing childhood obesity. The Federal Government’s role also comes into play with the National School Lunch Program. The National School Lunch Program is a federally assisted meal program that operates in over 100,000 schools and child care facilities. Those who participate in this program get cash subsidies as well as food from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Participants are also required to followed dietary guidelines. Meals providedRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program1616 Words   |  7 PagesAbstract The National School Lunch Program is a great resource for schools to use, to help provide children whom may not be able to afford their own lunches. The problem with the program though is that the recent changes to the requirements schools must follow make it difficult to provide lunches that are appealing and fulfilling to students. Schools also find that it is costing them more to try and follow these requirements and there is a lot more waste because students are not happy. TheRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program1019 Words   |  5 Pagesand their education level. According to the National Center for Children in Poverty, â€Å"about fifteen million children in the united states, twenty-one percent of all children, live in families below the federal poverty threshold,† (www.nccp.org). Majority of these children will go to school hungry, which will affect their performance in school. The National School Lunch Program provides lunch to help feed them and keep them focus during the day. This program also benefits farmers and the economy by raisingRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program760 Words   |  4 PagesThe National School Lunch Program is a federally funded meal program operating in over 100,000 public. It provides nutritionally balanced, low†cost or free lunches to more than 31 million children each school day in 2012 based on the childs household income (USDA). The program is managed by the Food and Nutrition Service at the Federal level and by a State education agency at the state level. We will be looking at the statistics of the National Lunch Program for five local schools, and compareRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program Essay1640 Words   |  7 Pagescombat hunger in children the federal government responded with several major programs. Two of the programs the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) and the School Breakfast Program (SBP) are targeted towards school age children. These programs provide students with breakfast and lunch while they are at school. The Policy The National School Lunch Program(NSLP) is a federally funded program. The purpose of the program is to provide school age children with a nutritious meal in the middle of theirRead MoreThe National School Lunch Program Essay1928 Words   |  8 PagesThe National School Lunch Program (NSLP), originally initiated in 1946 under the name the National School Lunch Act, has served in excess of 224 billion school lunches to children throughout the United States since its inception (National School Lunch Program). The goals of the program include serving a school lunch that meets certain nutritional requirements and is available at low or no cost to eligible students (National School Lunch Program). While the program has undergone many changes overRead MoreThe Goals Of The National School Lunch Program Essay814 Words   |  4 Pages According to the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act, the goal of the National School Lunch Program is â€Å"to safeguard the health and well-b eing of the Nation’s children and to encourage the domestic consumption of nutritious agricultural commodities and other food, by assisting the States in providing an adequate supply of foods and other facilities for the establishment, maintenance, operation, and expansion of nonprofit school lunch programs†.1 NASW Code of Ethics One of theRead MoreConsistency in the National School Lunch Program Essay2063 Words   |  9 PagesClaim The National School Lunch Program needs to standardize and regulate their set nutritional standards at all schools to help curb the growing prevalence of childhood obesity and other weight related diseases. What is the National School Lunch Program? â€Å"The National School Lunch Program, or NSLP, is a federally assisted meal program operating in over 101,000 public and non†profit private schools and residential childcare institutions.† (National school lunch, 2011) This government-run program

Iago and Angelo as the Hypocrites of Shakespeares Othello

Few plot elements inspire such an emotional reaction in readers as does hypocrisy. Not only do readers feel genuine anger at the actions of the hypocritical character, but they also feel deep sympathy for the Hester Prynnes of the stories they read. This tandem of anger and sympathy is a powerful tool for an author to use to draw readers into his or her tale, because creating an emotional response in one’s audience is the best way to make them identify with the story. The response of the readers to these situations is a fascinating one. Perhaps the reader remembers a time when s/he was the victim of a two-faced action. Perhaps stories about hypocrisy evoke a sense of moral outrage or awaken a sense of justice in the reader. Perhaps the†¦show more content†¦Othello has chosen Michael Cassio as his lieutenant, leaving Iago in a lower duty. This bit of history, disguised as background information the story, is really the crux of the whole play, arriving all of the action in the five acts to come. It is superficially important to the story in that it drives Iago’s future actions. However, it is fundamentally important to the idea of hypocrisy because it is the main hypocritical premise on which he acts. Simply put, Iago is upset because he has been passed over for military promotion- a promotion to lieutenant, which would have effectively made him Othello’s right-hand man. One would naturally assume that such an office would require intense valor, amity, and most of all, loyalty. However, he has come to hate Othello for passing him over. It is obvious here that he has no loyalty or amity, despite the valor he may have shown in past battles. Effectively, he criticizes and turns on Othello for not thinking him loyal enough, activities which fundamentally prove his disloyalty. No truly loyal person would develop the resentment and hostility which have taken root strongly in him. This is integral, because it establishes immediately that Ia go is a hypocrite. He has been overlooked for a position which he thinks he should have gotten because of his loyalty, but the criticism

Definition of Auditing - 5714 Words

DEFINITION OF AUDITING Auditing is described as the independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the financial statements of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of that appointment and in compliance with any relevant statutory obligation. Thus auditing of information systems can be defined as independent examination of and expression of an opinion on the development, documentation and controls of information systems of an enterprise by an appointed auditor in pursuance of that appointment and in compliance with any relevant company requirement. The purpose of an audit is not to provide additional information but rather it is intended to provide the users of the systems with assurance that the information†¦show more content†¦The auditor seeks to obtain some background information of the nature of the client’s business. * Planning the audit; the auditor prepares a planning memorandum that shows the general strategy in to be followed in conducting the audit. * Ascertaining and evaluating clients accounting systems and internal controls, use of flow charts and evaluating using key questions. * Carrying out tests of controls: This enables the auditor to determine the level of reliance to be placed on the internal control system and therefore reduce the level of substantive testing. * Planning the level of substantive testing and formulating the substantive tests to be carried out. * Carrying out substantive testing on the selecting account balances. * Carrying out the final analytical review and concluding whether the financial statements show a true and fair view. * Drafting the audit opinion and any other reports to be issued under the terms of engagement e.g. the management letter. RIGHTS OF AUDITORS 1. Rights of access at all time to accounting records of the company. This includes; a. Rights of access to statutory books of accounts e.g. shareholders register, memorandum of association and minutes of important meetings. b. Access to returns from branches and vouchers of the company. 2. To require from officers and employees ofShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Auditing And The Advantage And Disadvantages Of Auditing1578 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction This report explains what auditing means the purpose of auditing and the advantage and the disadvantages of auditing. Also explains what Expectation Gap means and how different people have different views on it, looking at what auditors consider their responsibilities are and what are the expectations. Also looking at the history of the expectation gap and the different definitions people came up with over the years. The Definition of Audit Auditor is an independent qualified accountantsRead MoreEssay on Internal Auditing and What It Entalis1137 Words   |  5 PagesTo answer this question we will have to first understand what is internal auditing and what does it entail and then answer why internal auditing is â€Å"eyes and ears† of management. Internal Auditing as defined in the IPPF Framework is â€Å"an independent, objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value and improve an organisation’s operations. It helps an organisation accomplish its objectives by bringing a systematic, disciplined approach to evaluate and improve the effectiveness ofRead MoreAudit Expectations Gap1349 Words   |  6 Pagestremendous amounts could be done in order to close the gap down. In this essay I will discuss some of these issues and in particular the strategies to reduce the gap. Definitions Various definitions have been proposed for the audit expectation gap. Humphrey, Moizer and Turley (1992), suggest that the common element in the various definitions of the gap is that auditors are performing in a manner that is at variance with the beliefs and desires of others who are party to or interested in the audit. Read MoreThe World s Data Pool1349 Words   |  6 Pagesit here to stay, the opportunities and challenges associated with, its implications to the auditing profession, and how auditors could optimize their work through big data. Definition of big data A study by McKinsey in 2011, described big data as datasets whose size is beyond the ability of typical database software tools to capture, store, manage, and analyze. It is interesting to note that the definition is flexible in terms of defining how big a dataset should be to be considered big data. (Source:Read MoreClarified Statements On Auditing Standards1705 Words   |  7 PagesClarified statements on auditing standards (SAS) are issued by the Auditing Standards Board (ASB). SAS #122-127 were effective for audits ending on or after December 15, 2012. The ASB has completed the Clarity project with the issuance of SAS # 128 in February 2014, effective for audits of financial statement for period ending on or after December 15, 2014. The clarity project was designed to improve the auditing standards, to make them easier to read, understand and apply. It also converged theRead MoreAuditing And The Growing Use Of Financial Software1114 Words   |  5 PagesAUDITING AND THE GROWING USE OF FINANCIAL SOFTWARE Terms of reference The report is a part of an assessment for the auditing unit; the intended audience is the lecturer Mr Ade Otukoya. The report is written after a presentation done in class to reflect on your understanding and how to improve after getting your feedback. Table of contents †¢ Introduction (what is auditing) †¢ Auditing definitions †¢ Purpose of auditing †¢ An overview of framework for audit assignment †¢ Auditing terms and definitionsRead MoreDoes skepticism by the auditor would enhance audit quality1435 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The importance off skepticism in performing audits has been recognized from the time the very first auditing standard was implemented (Fullerton and Durtschi, 2012). The recent financial crises and audit failures have caused the profession to reassess and emphasise the importance of skepticism during an audit engagement, ensuring that auditors increase their level of skepticism (Fullerton and Durtschi, 2012). Auditors are now asked to expand their skeptical perspective to the levelRead MoreOperational Audit1064 Words   |  5 Pagesbusiness operations for the purpose of making recommendations about economic and efficient use of resource, effective achievement of business objectives and compliance with company policies. †¢ The term operational auditing is the most widely used today. †¢ Definition of terms o OPERATIONAL – implies a focus on operations, as opposed to financial position. o MANAGEMENT – implies that the information obtained in the audit process is useful to management decision making. Read More Aspects of Materiality: A Continuing Education Report Essay examples1477 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept to the field of auditing. Defining Materiality The utilization of the concept of materiality in auditing dates many years. 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Corporate Governance and Earnings Management

Question: Discuss about the Corporate Governance and Earnings Management. Answer: Introduction Corporate governance is perceived to be a system whereby we direct and control corporations. On the other hand, there is the issue of earning which is a vital issue for firms. This is because of its ability to summarize the performance to huge diversities uses. Hence, this makes earnings management become a critical factor in the financial market because of working with certain accounting strategies that show income declared in the form of natural look. Therefore, the overall motive behind this proposal is showing the impact of corporate governance earnings management based on Jordan case study. Statement of Need Hence, the governance structure is tasked with the process of distributing rights and duties among the participants in corporations thus they include stakeholders, managers, directors, creditors and regulators (Lowy, 2003). Therefore, corporate governance is considered to be a tool that protects and guarantees investors right of their money. Therefore, earnings management in many instances takes place when managers use the judgments in the financial reports and transaction structure to alter financial data with aim of misleading stakeholders about the underlying economic performance occurring in the company. Based on the above discussion the main idea here is getting to understand the effects of corporate governance earnings management case study Jordan. Goals and Objectives In most instances managers can be opportunist in manipulating of accounting reports through management accruals. But, Beck (2013) argues that normal accruals arise in ordinary course of business and is unlikely to reflect on managerial opportunistic behaviour. Therefore, any instance of manipulation is most likely to be regarded as abnormal accruals as found in Jordanian companies. Research done by Habbash (2010) examined empirical impact of corporate governance characteristics in regards to earnings quality, which was measured by discretionary accruals, and earnings management based on discretional accruals of Jordanian financial sector in 2007-2012. The results of Habbash (2010) indicate that financially Jordanian firms have less than four members in the auditing committee. Further analysis must be done to show that the audit committee size possesses a negative relation with the absolute discretional accruals. However, the relation that exist between audit committee size and the earnings management was indicated to be positive, thus this means that the number of directors found in the audit committee tends to be a complex issue that raises levels of earnings quality and detects earnings management. ArguÃÅ'ˆden (2011) results showed that financial Jordanian firms held more than four regular audit committee meetings annually. Hence, the results in Habbash (2010) study shows that the audit committee activity had negative relationship towards each absolute and signed discretional accrual. Hence, the need of perceiving the results to show that meeting of audit committee was effective in discussion between members and discoverers of potential error in their financial reporting which in-turn tends to reflect levels of earnings quality and discovery of earnings management. Van et al (2008) indicates that Jordanian companies have big boards size, thus this lowers the levels of monitoring and assessment of the company performance which in-turn tends to lower the levels of quality in earnings and capability in discovering earnings management. As a result, ArguÃÅ'ˆden, (2011) argues that adjusting the proportion of external directors and non executives in the board of directors and the audit committee will somehow reduce agency of conflict over the boards process. Thus, there is the need of understanding this so as to increase functioning and monitoring of the companys performance which increases the quality of earnings. Based on the above discussion the overall goal is understanding if the impact of corporate governance earnings management was adverse to Jordan, and if so the objective will be providing recommendations on how to deal with such issues. Method and Strategies Here, the main idea is solving issues that arise from corporate governance earnings management in Jordan case. Therefore, there will be use of both primary and secondary sources in providing recommendation on the impact of corporate governance and earnings management in Jordanian Companies. Plan and Evaluation The main set out plan in evaluating this proposed study will be comparing the firms previous performance and the current performance; there will also be use of other firms who have used the proposed solution to the problem to understand if the recommendations will be effective. Budget The budget for this study is not yet estimated because of emerging uncertainties that arise when developing the project. Therefore, for now the current estimates cant be done. References Idowu, S. O., In Caliyurt, K. T. (2014).Corporate governance: An international perspective. Beck, M. (2013).Understanding risk: Recent contributions from the journal of risk and governance. Habbash, M., University of Durham. (2010).The effectiveness of corporate governance and external audit on constraining earnings management practice in the UK. University of Durham. Van, F. R. A. I., Ang, J. S., Sudarsanam, P. S. (2008).Corporate governance and corporate finance: A European perspective. London: Routledge. Lowy, M. E. (2003).Corporate governance for public company directors. New York, N.Y: Aspen. ArguÃÅ'ˆden, R. Y. (2011).Keys to governance: Strategic leadership for quality of life. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.